Literae annuae of the Telč College and House of the Third Probation
College and House of Third Probation in Telč
The monastic house in Telč was founded as a house of third probation, or tercians’
house, in which the last phase of the Jesuit formation took place, the so-called third
probation. The first tercians who had recently finished their theological studies
gathered there for the first time in the autumn of 1655. This house of third probation –
which the Province used to establish ad hoc for more than 30 years in various colleges –
was built thanks to a close relation between Františka Slavatová, born the Countess of
Meggau, and the Society of Jesus. In 1650, she donated several town houses to the Order,
situated in Telč near the Dean Church of St James the Greater. The foundation stone of
the monastic house was laid on July 26, 1651.
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At first, the Jesuits used the above-mentioned dean church for their divine
services; in the middle of the 1660s, the Church of the Holy Name of Jesus was
constructed. Thanks to continuous generous support from Countess Slavatová to the
Jesuits a musical seminary was established in 1670 and also public schooling started
to be provided by the Jesuits several years later, at first in one class and later in
two classes that formed the lower gymnasium. Through this, the house adopted an
educational mission of the Order and could continue to be called a college as well.
The gymnasium became an institution encompassing all grades in 1709 – subjects of
grammar and humanist classes were taught by three teachers; since 1703 it was located
in a newly established independent building near the Church of the Holy Name of
Jesus.
Although the house in Telč was always supported mainly by the nobility, these mutual
ties somehow chilled after the estate had been taken over by František Antonín of
Liechtenstein-Kastelkorn in1702. Yet the more stood out the generosity of small
fundators. Out of the townspeople of Telč we could name for instance the long-term
mayor, Tomáš Hoda of Elborod, who inter alia provided financial means for teachers of
higher classes at the gymnasium, or widow Justina de Gregorio, née Kapetová, whose
gifts included for instance a fund for two Bohemian morning preachers. Minor local
nobility got involved as well – we could mention for instance Matyáš Butz of Rolsperk,
members of the Cantelmo family or the Regal Family of Kranichsfeld, whose member
Maxmilián Arnošt donated his personal library to the Jesuits in Telč.
The support of lay clergymen was important as well, be it priests at patronage
parishes of the college or administrators of more distant parishes who could be linked
to the Jesuits of Telč for instance through studies at the local gymnasium. As an
example, we could mention priest Kašpar Pokorný from Trštěnice who established three
different foundations. This means that financially the college was quite well-off,
although its economic management also faced a crisis in the forties. Despite this,
there was a wave of equipment renewal in the Church of the Holy Name of Jesus and
construction works done in a residence in Knínice which took place in the last decades
of the existence of the order.
The bull of Pope Clement XIV Dominus ac Redemptor noster dissolved the Society of
Jesus and upon the arrival of the liquidation committee on November 30, 1773, the
probation house in Telč ceased to exist as well. The gymnasium was closed down in
March 1774. Yet most members of the small Telč community stayed in the town or nearby.
The younger Jesuits continued in their services, for instance as preachers or sextons,
while the older ones lived from their pensions. Jesuits from the renewed Society of
Jesus did not return to Telč.
Annual Reports and Excerpts from These Reports
Annual reports (lit(t)erae annuae, or simply annuae) for the Telč college
usually had two parts that could be written by different authors. Reports on the state
of the college – which also included information pertaining to the residence and place
of pilgrimage in Knínice – are usually briefer. Their content corresponds to basic
thematic groups as defined for the annual reports in paragraphs 28 and 29 of the
so-called formulae scribendi, which is part of the regulations of the Jesuit
Order. Texts devoted to missionary activities of fathers of the third probation are
usually more extensive – they include more general descriptions of aims and results of
individual journeys (names of particular missionaries are not mentioned) as well as
descriptions of several model stories illustrating the missionary activities.
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Texts of the reports were probably formulated at the very beginning of the following
year and several clean copies were made. At first, there were probably only two
copies, but since 1663 at the very latest, four copies were made — one of them was
deposited at the college and the remaining ones were sent to Prague where they were
bound and either transported to the Generalate or distributed between the individual
houses of the Province according to a fixed plan. Copies sent to Rome (manuscripts
labelled with the letter R) were deposited in the Archives of the Generalate (nowadays
Achivum Romanaum Societaits Iesu); one of the convolutes travelling across the
Province ended its journey in the Prague Archive of the Province (manuscripts labelled
with the letter P) and the second one in Brno in the archive of the novitiate
(manuscripts labelled with the letter B). Nowadays, many of the volumes can be found
in the National Library in Prague, in the Austrian National Library and in the Olomouc
Research Library.
A collection of annual reports that were originally deposited in the archive of the
Telč College (manuscripts labelled with the letter T) is nowadays deposited in the ÖNB
as part of a convolute into which ten files of texts from the archive of the college
with a summary title Literae annuae. Historia Domus (Scr. 20 N. 1–10) were
additionally bound. The convolute contains annual reports for the years 1656–1740
(although reports for the following years are missing: 1659, 1661, 1667–1669,
1672–1675, 1679, 1681, 1684, 1686–1687, 1691, 1693, 1708–1709, 1727–1728, 1734,
1736–1738); some of them are probably incomplete (for instance for the years 1704,
1719, 1735 and 1740). Clean copies prevail among the manuscripts, but variously edited
drafts or pairs of a draft and a clean copy can be found as well.
In addition to the annual reports, the file also contains three so-called supplementa
historiae, texts pertaining to the history of the college for the years 1729–1733 and
materials for provincial annals for the years 1749, 1751, 1757. File 9 of the same
convolute also pertains to the annual reports – it contains several fragments of brief
texts written by individual Jesuits for the rector as materials for annual reports and
eloges. Although it is not part of the literae annuae files, a report for the year
1676 including an extensive eloge of foundress Františka Slavatová is preserved in the
Moravian Land Archives.
Entry to the digital edition - a guide to the individual years:
Year |
Edition Type |
1702 |
full textually critical edition |
1729 |
interpretative edition with a reduced critical apparatus |
1719 |
Coming soon |
1724 |
Coming soon |